What is a common side effect of long-term use of clozapine?

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication often used to treat treatment-resistant schizophrenia. One of the significant side effects associated with the long-term use of clozapine is agranulocytosis, which is a serious condition characterized by a dangerously low level of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell essential for fighting off infections.

The risk of agranulocytosis necessitates regular monitoring of the patient's white blood cell counts, especially during the first few months of treatment, as this is when the risk is highest. If left unmonitored, agranulocytosis can lead to severe infections, making it a critical concern for healthcare providers and a reason why clozapine is typically only prescribed if other treatments have failed. Understanding this side effect is crucial for both patients and healthcare professionals in managing the risks associated with long-term treatment.

While other side effects like increased appetite or dizziness can occur, agranulocytosis stands out as a potentially life-threatening condition specific to clozapine, highlighting the importance of vigilance in monitoring blood parameters during its use.